Python automation: generate word documents with specified data in batches according to the template

author ： a hippo h

source ： Jane said Python

One 、 Requirement specification

In normal work , Often need to process files , especially Word, Handle Word You will encounter a kind of common scenes ： Most of the text in the document is fixed , A small part of the content needs to be modified .

At this time, we will mechanically open it again and again 、 modify 、 A series of operations such as saving documents , Less content is acceptable , Once there is more content , It's hard to avoid being impetuous .

Today I want to introduce you to a secret weapon -docxtpl Development kit , With this, just write a template , Others are left to the computer to do it by itself .

First, you need to install your computer Python Environmental Science , And it's installed Python development tool .

If only Python To process data 、 Reptiles 、 Data analysis or automated scripts 、 Machine learning, etc , It is recommended to use Python Based on the environment +jupyter that will do . 

If you want to use Python Conduct web Project development, etc , It is recommended to use Python Based on the environment +Pycharm.

Introduction to secret weapons

docxtpl： A very powerful package , It is mainly through docx Document template loading , So as to modify it .

pandas： Provides high performance and easy to use data types and analysis tools

Install related third-party libraries

Windows Press and hold down Win+R Open the run window , Input cmd Enter the command prompt window （Mac Open the terminal ）, Enter the following command to install the package ：

pip install docxtpl
pip install pandas

Use cases

Generate a collection of Freshmen's admission notices of the school of computer and information engineering of a school .word The template and table are as follows ( The part to be filled in is in double brackets )：

The effect is as follows ：

Two 、 Start thinking

First step ： Import related modules ：

from docxtpl import DocxTemplate
import pandas as pd
import os

The second step ： use Python Create a new folder to store the admission notice , If the folder already exists, the code will skip this step ：

zpath = os.getcwd() + '\\'  # Get the current path
zpath = r'E:\python\tj' + '\\'
file_path = zpath + r'\ Notice collection '
try:
    os.mkdir(file_path)  # Create a first level directory
except:
    pass

The third step ： Read csv The data in the file ：

Assign a value to each column of data in the table series Type variable , You can put series As an array .

data = pd.read_csv(zpath+'AdmissionList.csv', encoding='gbk')  # Read csv Target data in
name = data[" full name "].str.rstrip()  # str.rstrip() Used to remove white space
academy = data[" college "].str.rstrip()
major = data[" major "].str.rstrip()
begin_date = data[" Starting time "].str.rstrip()
end_date = data[" End time "].str.rstrip()

Step four ： Write data to the template ：

Traverse each row of the table , Store data in dictionary list .

num = data.shape[0]   #  Get the number of data rows
for i in range(num):
    context = {
       " full name ": name[i],
       " college ": academy[i],
       " major ": major[i],
       " Starting time ": begin_date[i],
       " End time ": end_date[i]
}

Selected template ：

tpl = DocxTemplate(zpath+' Admission notice .docx')

Render replace , take context Write the contents of word In the template ：

tpl.render(context)# Render replace 

Save the file , The name is ：** Your admission notice .

tpl.save(file_path+r"\{} Your admission notice .docx".format( full name [i]))

Repeat the above operation num（ That is, the number of rows of data in the table ） Time , After writing this, you can file_path Found the generated file in .

Possible errors ：

1） The file name is garbled ： You can try to change the decoding method to gbk;

2） Permission problems ： It may be that the data file to be read in is being used , Just shut it down ;

3） Generated word The number of lines in the file is chaotic ： You can put str.rstrip() It's written in str.rstrip(‘\n’);

4） Only one copy can be generated word file ： Every render , You are about to reselect the template .

3、 ... and 、 summary

Through this experiment , We realize the batch generation of data with specified data according to the template word file , When I first looked at the code, I didn't understand what type of variable it used to receive from csv Data read in , Only through printout can we know that Pandas In data type Series, Baidu knows that it is similar to one-dimensional array , You can save any data type . In the later process of running the code, there are all kinds of errors , I haven't met them yet .

In the process of learning programming , Failure to understand code and error reporting are common problems , At first, I feel very flustered and irritable , But learning is the process of solving the problems you encounter , Knowledge is accumulated in mistakes and ignorance , So let's study hard together , Become an indestructible program monkey .

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